Back to Main Links Page
Page 13 of 20
Robert Stirniman's
Antigravity Bibliography - 13
-------------------------------------
If you work out the metric for EM waves circulating in a cavity you get
some strange results. There is a preliminary discussion of this effect
in the article by Houshang Ardavan, 'Gravitational Waves from
Electromagnetic Waves' in the book "Classical General Relativity,"
edited by W.B. Bonner, I.N. Islam and M.A.H. MacCollum (Cambridge Univ.
Press, 1984).
It is something I have seen done. At the point in an annular cavity
where the phase velocity goes from less than c to greater than c, a term
shows up in the derived metric of the system that looks like a source
term. On the other hand you have assumed that the metric is source free
in the EM region of the cavity. So you get a solution which contradicts
the hypothesis that went into building the solution. You get something
which is possibly unphysical. Now Einstein's equation and the associated
geometry is pretty tricky and it is easy to get unphysical solutions.
The final arbitors of whether a solution is satisfactory or not is
physical reasonability and self consistancy (these are almost the same
thing). The cavity problem seems very physically reasonable initially,
but ends with a self-consistancy problem which appears to be unphysical.
Also, Cauchy's theorem does not apply to this case since it becomes a
mixed type problem (elliptic and hyperbolic PDEs), so the Hawking
singularity theorems don't a priori apply. It is something very
interesting, but to publish it with out being scoffed at would take
a lot of work and possibly inventing some new math.
-- Jim McClune, University of Missouri
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
ROTATING FIELDS IN GENERAL RELATIVITY, by Islam, J.N.
Begins with a short introduction to the relevant aspects of general
relativity. This is followed by a detailed derivation of the
Wehl-Lewis-Papapetrou form of the stationary axially symmetric metric.
The Kerr and Tomimatsu-Sato forms of the rotating interior and
exterior solutions of the Einstein equations are then considered.
Subject: physics
1985 6 X 9 122 pp. 4 diagrams
Hardback 0-521-26082-5 $47.95 (£7.99)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
>If an EM field is somehow rotated extremely fast, shouldn't all
>matter be repelled from its center? -kgo.
How fast do you want it rotated? It's fairly simple to construct a system
to produce rotating EM waves at whatever rotational velocity you wish by
feeding a pair of broadside dipole arrays with quatrature phased waves.
It is quite simple to construct a system that would have a rotational
velocity of C within the uniform field area. It might also be fairly easy
to do this with a Hemholtz coil arangement as well, but the broadside array
will be much easier to do at easily engineerable frequencies.
Some really interesting paradoxes come about when the rotational frequency
is high enough so that the rotational velocity exceeds C within the uniform
field area of the arrays or within the hemholtz coils.
-- Robert Shannon
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ehrenfest Paradox (Ehrenfest, 1909) --
The special relativistic "paradox" involving a rapidly rotating
disc. Since any radial segment of the disc is perpendicular to
the direction of motion, there should be no length contraction
of the radius; however, since the circumference of the disc is
parallel to the direction of motion, it should contract.
Question -- by Kung Lo (October 1995):
Take a rigid disk of radius R and spin it up to angular velocity . As
seen by an observer S that is at rest in the center of the disk, the
radius is still R, but the circumference is contracted by the Lorentz
effect. How is this possible?
More physically, if a fixed ring is just outside the spinning
disk and placed with equally spaced markers on the rim of the disk and
on the fixed ring, I know by symmetry that, when one marker on the disk
is aligned with a marker on the ring, all pairs of markers must be
aligned. This contradicts the fact that, for observer S, the distance
between successive markers on the disk is reduced by the Lorentz
factor.
Answer -- provided by David Djajaputra (November 1995):
It seems that the rotating disk paradox (it turned out to be Ehrenfest's
paradox) has been extensively analyzed by many people (including Einstein
himself, who developed general relativity to answer this problem, as one
author speculates...). This I found from a nice paper :
O. Gron, "Relativistic description of a rotating disk"
Am. J. Phys. V43, 869 (1975), and all the references therein.
The key sentence in Gron's paper is at the end of Section IV:
"By definition a Born rigid motion of a body leaves lenghts unchanged,
when measured in the body's proper frame . (...) A Born rigid motion
is not a material property of the body, but the result of a specific
program of forces designed to set the body in motion without
introducing stresses. (...) A transition of the disk from rest to
rotational motion, while it satisfies Born's definition of rigidity,
is a kinematic impossibility"
With this kinematics the radius is R and the circumference is as
measured by observer S (lab frame), but an observer riding on the disk
will measure a distance R to the center and a distance around the
circumference (he can do this measurement by slowly walking around the
spinning disk with a meter tape). This is consistent with the usual
Lorentz contraction . The point is that this is NOT a Born rigid
motion. There is much more in Gron's paper.
-- Vittorio Celli
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Several key pharases keep popping up regarding rotating fields, powerful
magnetic pulsed fields, and 90 degree cross-field phase shifts.
For example, Preston Nicholes describes a device known as a Delta T
antenna in the Montauk series of books. The Delta T antenna is described
as a pyramidal structure, but lets just take two square loops, placed at
90 degrees to each other, and feed these two loops with an RF signal,
also with a 90 degree phase shift, we will produce a rotating magnetic
field within the loops (these loops share a common center point, and
each loop is in a plane 90 degrees from the other)
The speed of rotation of this magnetic field is a direct function of the
frequancy of the applied RF signal. At the center of the antenna, the
rotational velocity is zero, but as you move out from the center, and
rotational velocity increases. At some distance from center would reach
the speed of light, dependant of the frequancy used.
One could imagine that the rotational velocity of this rotating magnetic
field could reach the speed of light within the antenna structure itself
if a way could be found to make the antenna much larger than a normaly
resonant antenna would be for that same frequancy. At several hundred
megahertz, a two meter per side square loop would have a rotational
velocity well in excess of the speed of light within the antenna structure
itself.
What effect would there be at the boundry where the rotational velocity
reached, and then exceeded the speed of light. How could the magnetic
field even propogate to the center of the antenna structure if it would
have to move faster than light to reach that space? If hemholtz coils
were used instead of loops, the magnetic field strength would be uniform
inside the structure, how could the field strenght be uniform if there is
not sufficient time for the field to propogate through the space inside
the structure itself?
Could such an effect actually generate a wormhole like phenomena, at energy
levels far below that of neutron stars and such? As the causal mechanism,
the magnetic field, is in roation, would this describe a traversable worm
hole as has been postulated in relationship to rotating black holes?
-- Robert Shannon
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Aono, Osamu, 1937-
Rotation of a magnetic field / Osamu Aono and Ryo Sugihara. Nagoya, Japan :
Institute of Plasma Physics, Nagoya University, 1986. 6 p. ; 30 cm.
LC CALL NUMBER: QC717.6 .N35 no. 792 (ALTERNATE CLASS QC754.2.M3)
SUBJECTS: Magnetic fields. Electrodynamics.
Research report (Nagoya Daigaku. Purazumu Kenkyujo) ; IPPJ-792.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Let me clear this up a bit, the two coils are acting as antenne already,
producing the rotating field by vector sumnation of the radiated quatrature
phased EM waves. The loops would be operating as the driven elements of
a cubical antenne, not as coils as such.
If you prefer, substitute the two loop antenne with a pair of crossed
dipoles at 90 degrees, this will also produce the rotating field, but
the center will be occupied by the dipoles rather than be open as with
loop antenne of by using sets of broadside arrays. Note that this is not
the same as the rotational speed reaching c inside the "uniform field"
area, as described earlier. It's simple a tool to understsand the
generation of the rotating field and the relationship between applied
frequency and the resultant roational speed.
Rather than loop elements, in practice you might use a phased array of
dipole elements that produces a constant phase plane wave, not unlike a
pair of hemholtz coils produced a uniform field within the coil sets. Four
of these "broadside arrays" would from the four sides of a cube, inside of
which you could induce the fast rotating fields from the radiated EM waves.
In all cases, the driven elements are lauching EM waves a c. Only the
vector sum of the two (of four) quatrature fields is in rotation, which
leads us back the the question of what happens as the rotational velocity
of the sum of these EM fields reaches c within the field generator, and
there is not sufficient time for the fields to propogate accross the Vr=c
boundry?
This is the point where two different physists have tried to lead me dowm
the garden path of "red shifted magnetic fields". I'm not sure I'm ready
to buy that concept just yet.
-- Robert Shannon
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
GENERAL RELATIVITY & QUANTUM COSMOLOGY, ABSTRACT GR-QC/9601034
From: Tevian Dray
Date: Mon, 22 Jan 1996 10:57:03 PST
The Rotating Quantum Vacuum
Author(s): Paul C. W. Davies , Tevian Dray , Corinne A. Manogue
Report-no: ADP 95-43/M36 (University of Adelaide)
We derive conditions for rotating particle detectors to respond in a
variety of bounded spacetimes and compare the results with the
folklore that particle detectors do not respond in the vacuum state
appropriate to their motion. Applications involving possible
violations of the second law of thermodynamics are briefly
addressed.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
I'm also saying that a pair of crossed coils will start behaving
differently when the driving frequency is so high that the field lines
near them try to exceed the speed of light. At low frequencies the coils
create a rotating magnetic field. At high frequencies they send out radio
waves having a rotating field vector (circularly polarized waves, in other
words.) WITHIN the volume of the coils the fields still rotate, at least
until the frequency is raised so high that the coils are many wavelengths
across. At these frequencies the fields in the center of the crossed
coils would be of complex shape, maybe some kind of contracting spiral.
(Which is interesting, because at very high frequencies there would be a
"hot spot" at the exact center of the crossed coils.)
-- Robert Shannon
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
On similar topic: anyone ever heard of the "CFA antenna" flap in the UK?
CFA is for "crossed-field antenna." There were a bunch of articles and
letters to the editor in EWW, "Electronics and Wireless World," the
British engineering mag. The CFA-believers though they had discovered a
way to make 1-foot antennas which were efficient at 100-meter wavelengths.
The key to the CFA was to create the e- and b-fields separately: feed both
a coil-loop and a pair of capacitor-spheres with separate high-current and
high-voltage signals respectively, orient them 90deg to produce a
broadside wave, shift the phases with L/C networks to form the proper EM
wave (90? zero? ), and then obtain a powerful EM emission from a
tiny antenna. There was a great quantity of argument and name-calling
over this, all done in slow-motion over many months of letters in the
letters-to-the-editor column. Then it just died away. Either the pro-CFA
side couldn't prove that it worked, or nobody believed the proof they did
find.
-- William Beaty
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
And some comments about rotating EM fields by Dr Dennis Cravens in
a report titled "Electric Propulsion Study", done for the Astronautics
Laboratory at Edwards AFB. August 1990. Dennis Cravens was formerly with
SAIC Corp, and is now working with CETI in development of cold
fusion. Anyway, here's some things he says in the electric propulsion
report about the "peculiarities" of a rotating magnet:
ROTATION OF MAGNETS - There is a continuing debate in physics as to
the reality of the magnetic field. The prime question is whether the
axial magnetic field of a bar magnet rotates with the magnet or is
stationary. The Faraday homopolar generator dates back to the 1830s.
DePalma, Tewari, and others have attempted to utilize the Faraday
generator to produce more power than needed to run it. Most objective
reviews of the work have, however, failed to see such effects.
It is doubtful that these claims will be independently validated and
even more doubtful that they will lead directly to a propulsive system.
However, the work on homopolar generators as high current devices is
reasonable and may be useful for ground uses. The angular momentum
complications seem to rule the system out for any practical space
applications.
SEARL EFFECT - The Searl Effect is a separate issue from homopolar
generator above. Searl has claimed to produce disk levitation by
rapidly rotating magnets. There have been claims of anti-gravity,
high electric fields, perpetual motion, inertial loss, and gas
ionization. All these claims come from Searl or those supportive
of his work and no outside witnesses are available. Searl has not
supplied any technical data or specifics of the operation in any
easily referenced source. It is not recommended that his work be
experimentally followed by the USAF. It is worth noting however,
that a rotating magnet does have some definite theorectical
peculiarities.
Through the years there have been many interesting developments
concerning the Faraday Homopolar generator. DePalma has claimed
to get more energy out than is supplied to the the generator.
None of the claims seem to withstand careful examination and no
machine has ever been made self driving. The underlying reason
that such claims continue to surface is that rotating magnetic
fields are extremely difficult to handle within existing theories.
This is because for a rotating frame there is a distance (removed
from the axis) which is travelling at velocities greater than
c. Although the distance is not withing any real physical object,
it's existence within the mathematical development greatly
complicates any calculations.
DePalma B.E., "Electro-Mechanical Device for the Amplification of
Electrical Power", The New Age Science Magazine, No 7, 1980
Tewari P., "Generation of Electrical Power from Absolute Vacuum
by High Speed Rotation of Conducting Magnetic Cylinder", Tech. Rep.
Dept. of Atomic Energy, Bombay India, 1985
Searl, J.R.R., British provisional patent specification #57578, 1970
---------------------------------------------------------------------
These articles are indicative of studies of EM waves and rotating
bodies. It appears that when EM waves pass through rotating
dielectrics some unusual effects are predicted. This may lead
to some interesting future technology.
-- Dr Dennis Cravens
"Some Remarks on Scattering by a Rotating Dielectric Cylinder",
D. Schreiber, Journal of EM Waves and Applications, Vol 2 No2 1988
"Rotating Bodies and Electrodynamics in a Rotating Reference Frame",
I.B. Zeldovich and L.V. Rozhavskii, Radiofizka Vol 29 No 9, 1986
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Here's an interesting news brief from Infinite Energy magazine,
July/Aug 1995, Dr Eugene Mallove - editor. (603)-228-4516
A bombshell paper has just been published in the American Journal
of Physics, Vol 63 No 8, August 1995, pages 694-705, "Maxwell's
Equations in a Rotating Medium: Is There a Problem?" by Gerald
N. Pellegrini and Arthur R. Swift (the latter of the Dept of
Physics and Astronomy, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA)"
The paper is a direct challenge to Special Relativity. It proves
one of two things about a classic 1913 experiment of Wilson and
Wilson that was used to verify the prediction of relativity that
"a moving magnetic dipole develops an electric dipole moment.'
The conclusion of the paper is that Special Relativity does NOT
agree with this experiment -- and no one has ever challenged the
quality of the experiment.
Peregrinni told Infinite Energy that he thinks that all of
relativity as well as Maxwell's equations as descriptors of
EM radiation are now called into question.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
The origin of the Montauk Project dates back to 1943 when radar
invisibility was being researched aboard the USS Eldridge. As the
Eldridge was stationed at the Philadelphia Navy Yard, the events
concerning the ship have commonly been referred to as the "Philadelphia
Experiment." The objective of this experiment was to make the ship
undetectable to radar and while that was achieved, there was a totally
unexpected and drastic side effect. The ship became invisible to the
naked eye and was removed from time and space as we know it. It went
into 10-dimensional hyper-space. For further info into this, read the
book called "Hyperspace" by Dr. Michio Kaku.
A movie called "The Philadelphia Experiment" was made, but delayed
for two years as the Pentagon was able to halt its release.
After the war, research continued under the tutelage of Dr. John Von
Neumann who had directed the technical aspects of the Phily Experiment.
A massive human factor study was also begun at Brookhaven National
Labs on Long Island, New York -- known as the Phoenix Project.
The Montauk Project culminated on August 12, 1983. A full blown time
portal was fully functioning, but things were out of control and the
project was crashed. An unauthorized video has been widely distributed
regarding this story and several lectures has been given on the Montauk
Project. One science reported for the New York times started the
project but tacked off when he discovered to his own surprise that the
Montauk Project was indeed real.
Three books have been released by Preston Nichols, who was involved in
the Project, and Peter Moon. They are
1) The Montauk Project: Experiments in Time - 1992
2) Montauk Revisited: Adventures in Synchronicity - 1994
3) Pyramids of Montauk Explorations in Consciousness-1995
This coming year, 1996, the next book will be out and the title will
be "Montauk Reconciled"
-- Richard Frager
------------------------------------------------------------------------
HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - PHENOMENOLOGY, ABSTRACT HEP-PH/9412234
From: Michael Martin Nieto 505-667-6127
Date: Mon, 5 Dec 94 09:52:27 -0700
THEORETICAL MOTIVATION FOR GRAVITATION EXPERIMENTS ON ULTRA-LOW ENERGY
ANTIPROTONS AND ANTIHYDROGEN
Authors: Michael Martin Nieto , T. Goldman , John D. Anderson , Eunice
L. Lau, J. Perez-Mercader
Comments: Written version of invited contribution to LEAP'94: Third
Biennial Conference on Low-Energy Antiproton Physics.
We know that the generally accepted theories of gravity and quantum
mechanics are fundamentally incompatible. Thus, when we try to
combine these theories, we must beware of physical pitfalls. Modern
theories of quantum gravity are trying to overcome these problems.
Any ideas must confront the present agreement with general
relativity, but yet be free to wonder about not understood
phenomena, such as the dark matter problem and the anomalous
spacecraft data which we announce here. This all has led some
``intrepid" theorists to consider a new gravitational regime, that
of antimatter. Even more ``daring" experimentalists are attempting,
or considering attempting, the measurement of the gravitational
force on antimatter, including low-energy antiprotons and, perhaps
most enticing, antihydrogen.
HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - EXPERIMENT, ABSTRACT HEP-EX/9412018
From: PHILLIPS@hep.phy.duke.edu
Date: Fri, 30 Dec 1994 16:03:31 -0500 (EST)
A Technique for Directly Measuring the Gravitational Acceleration of
Antihydrogen, By: Thomas J. Phillips, Duke University Durham
Comments: Written version of invited contribution to LEAP'94:
Third Biennial Conference on Low-Energy Antiproton Physics.
The gravitational force on antimatter has never been directly
measured. A method is suggested for measuring the acceleration of
antimatter $(\overline g)$ by measuring the deflection of a beam of
neutral antihydrogen atoms in the Earth's gravitational field. While
a simple position measurement of the beam could be used, a more
efficient measurement can be made using a transmission
interferometer. A 1\% measurement of $\overline g$ should be
possible from a beam of about 100,000 atoms, with the ultimate
accuracy being determined largely by the number of antihydrogen
atoms that can be produced. A method is suggested for producing an
antihydrogen beam appropriate for this experiment.
HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - PHENOMENOLOGY, ABSTRACT HEP-PH/9509336
From: Michael Martin Nieto 505-667-6127
Date: Tue, 19 Sep 95 14:08:11 -0600
Antimatter Gravity and Antihydrogen Production
Authors: Michael H. Holzscheiter , T. Goldman , Michael Martin Nieto
Certain modern theories of gravity predict that antimatter will fall
differently than matter in the Earth's gravitational field. However,
no experimental tests of gravity on antimatter exist and all
conclusions drawn from experiments on matter depend, at some level,
on a specific model. We have proposed a direct measurement that
would compare the gravitational acceleration of antiprotons to that
of negatively charged hydrogen ions. Substantial progress towards
the development of this experiment has been achieved. Based on our
work a number of alternative proposals for measuring ``$g$" on both
charged and neutral antimatter have been made. We summarize the
present status of our experiment and also discuss the steps that
would be necessary to produce antihydrogen in an environment
suitable for gravity measurements.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Robert, I have one reference for you. The book is called
"Suppressed Inventions and other Discoveries". It's an anthology edited
by Jonathon Eisen. Authors include: Dr. Brian O'Leary, Christopher Bird,
Jeanne Manning, Barry Lynes, and others. As well as Townsend Brown, the
inventers/doctors (as well as inventions the book also covers various
cancer treatments which have had research suppressed) who are discussed
include Naessons, RifeHoxsey, Gerson, Tesla, Brown, Reich and others.
The book covers free energy, various "unfree" though different
motive technologies, cancer cures which have worked but not seen
approval by the AMA, Roswell, the Mars face, and as a delight to
conspiracy buffs, there are also chapters on how various Government
bodies have suppressed these technologies, as well as how the AMA came
to be all powerful in the field of suppressing alternate treatments.
The book is published by:
Auckland Institute of Technology Press
Private Bag 92006
Auckland, New Zealand
ISBN No. 0-9583334-7-5
______________________________________________________________________
For further research, consult the following sources:
Fer-de-Lance by T.E. Beardon
Tesla Book Company
P.O. Box 121873
Chula Vista, CA 91912 USA
Leading Edge Research Group
(Leading Edge Journal #77 12/94)
P.O. Box 7530 Ste 58
Yelm, Washington 98597 USA
Nexus Magazine
P.O. Box 66
8400 AB Gorredijk
The Netherlands
Tel/Fax: 31-(0)5133-5567
-------------------------------------------------------------------
---End of Page 13---
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Back to Main Links Page
To Stirniman AG Bibliography - Page 14